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During the build flow, Gradle will usually use additional third-party tools because it doesn’t know how to deal with the source code on its own. It takes a piece of source code as input and then executes a “build” flow which transform that source code into something else. Note, however, that the caption of the aforementioned drop-down says that the selected JDK will be used by Gradle, not Android Studio.
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For some reason, the directory is called “jre”, but don’t worry – it contains an entire JDK and its name is not important. Just like with JRE, Android Studio comes bundled with its own JDK and uses it by default.
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If I open Project Structure dialog and go to SDK Location tab, I see this drop-down at the bottom: Luckily, Android Studio takes care of that too. However, as we discussed, if you want to compile Java source code, you need JDK, not just JRE. In IntelliJ, there is an option to change the default JRE to something else (action name: Choose Boot Java Runtime for the IDE), but Android Studio maintainers decided to get rid of it, so you’re stuck with the bundled option.
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Therefore, when you install IntelliJ (or Android Studio), it will also install its own JRE. Turns out that JetBrains folks decided to make the installation of IntelliJ simpler for their users, so they packaged an entire JRE with it.
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However, if you download and install Android Studio, you’ll be able to launch it even without JRE. Therefore, as we established, to launch IntelliJ (and, consequently, Android Studio) on your computer, you need to have JRE installed. How Android Studio Uses JavaĪndroid Studio is a customized version of JetBrains’ IntelliJ IDE, which is, in turn, a Java application. Luckily, this complexity is abstracted away from application developers in most cases. Please note that the above diagram is very general and, in practice, all these entities are exceptionally complex pieces of software. Schematically, the relationship between different components of Java platform can be described as follows:
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JDK is a software package that includes JRE and additional tools that can be used to develop Java applications. Since most users will never develop applications, it doesn’t make sense to include these development tools into JRE.
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However, to develop these applications, you’ll need special development tools to transform Java source code into executable bytecode classes, libraries and full-blown applications. Now you understand that you need JRE to run Java applications on host devices. In other words, JVM is the component which allows Java bytecode to be platform-agnostic. In some sense, you can think of JVM as an adapter between platform-independent Java bytecode and platform-specific hardware and software. “hides”) the specifics of the hardware and the operating system installed on the host device. This component executes Java bytecode and abstracts out (i.e. I won’t elaborate more on class libraries and class loader (search the web if you’re curious what they do), but JVM is very prominent concept in Java world, so we need to discuss it as well. Generally speaking, the main tools contained inside JRE are class libraries, class loader and JVM. In short: JRE is a set of tools needed to run Java programs. Instead, you’ll need to install JRE on the target machine and then use this software to execute your Java application. That’s really nice feature, but such flexibility comes with a cost: you can’t just run Java applications “natively”. Since Java was designed with “write once, run anywhere” idea in mind, you should be able to run Java programs in many different environments. To understand what it does, imagine that you have a full-blown Java application and you want to run it. The most important parts of Java platform are so-called “JVM programming languages” (Java, Kotlin, Scala, etc.), JRE, JDK and JVM. Therefore, the language itself is just one piece of a larger toolchain. First, you need to transform it into so-called bytecode and then use special tools to execute the bytecode on target devices. However, as you might know, Java source code isn’t executable in its original form. Developers who write code in Java programming language usually call it just “Java”, so it’s natural to think of Java as just that: a programming language.
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